Pamukkale

Pamukkale, meaning “Cotton Castle” in Turkish, is located in the inner Aegean region, within the Menderes River Valley. Tectonic activity in the area has led to the formation of multiple hot springs. These waters are rich in minerals like chalk, limestone, and travertine, which have cascaded down the mountainside over centuries, creating a landscape that resembles a frozen waterfall. The high concentration of hydrogen carbonate and calcium in the water leads to the natural formation of calcium bicarbonate deposits, giving Pamukkale its distinctive white terraces.

This surreal landscape has earned Pamukkale a place on the UNESCO World Heritage list. However, its appeal was recognized long before modern preservation efforts. The Romans built the ancient city of Hierapolis here, establishing it as a major spa and wellness center in antiquity.

For details on tours, visit our Pamukkale tour page, which includes 1- and 2-day bus tours from Cappadocia to Ephesus. You can also explore our Cappadocia region tours for more holiday options.